A Conservation Success in the Western Ghats
In a landmark joint census conducted in April 2025, the Kerala and Tamil Nadu Forest Departments reported a total population of 2,668 Nilgiri Tahrs (Nilgiritragus hylocrius) — the highest estimate in decades. This rare mountain ungulate, found only in the Western Ghats, is a flagship species for India’s montane grassland ecosystem.
Of the total count, Tamil Nadu recorded 1,997 individuals, while Kerala reported 671. The coordinated survey spanned key protected areas including Eravikulam National Park, Mukurthi National Park, Silent Valley, and adjoining forest divisions.
About the Nilgiri Tahr
The Nilgiri Tahr is an endemic mountain goat native to the high-altitude grasslands of the Western Ghats. Adapted to steep cliffs and rolling shola-grassland mosaics, it is listed as Endangered under the IUCN Red List.
Historically, the species suffered drastic declines due to hunting, habitat loss, and expanding plantations. Conservation efforts in recent decades have slowly reversed this trend — particularly in Eravikulam National Park, which now supports the largest contiguous population.
The 2025 Census: Modern Methods, Joint Effort
The 2025 enumeration was one of the most comprehensive surveys ever undertaken for the species. It used a combination of:
-
Double-observer counts and camera trap grids for accuracy
-
GIS mapping of habitat zones
-
Simultaneous observation protocols across both states
Experts from the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) and several NGOs collaborated in the effort, ensuring that data from both states followed a unified methodology.
“This is the first time both states have synchronised their monitoring protocols to produce a complete picture of the Nilgiri Tahr population,” said forest officials involved in the study.
Challenges Ahead
Despite encouraging numbers, the Nilgiri Tahr population remains highly fragmented — spread across more than 20 isolated pockets of grassland. Key threats include:
-
Habitat loss and fragmentation due to plantations and tourism
-
Invasive species like wattle and pine replacing native grasslands
-
Climate change, altering rainfall patterns and vegetation belts
-
Limited genetic exchange between isolated herds
The Nilgiri Tahr Conservation Project
Launched by the Tamil Nadu Government in 2022, this initiative aims to restore grassland habitats, remove invasive plants, and strengthen corridor connectivity. The project also focuses on public awareness and eco-tourism in areas like Eravikulam, Mukurthi, and Grass Hills.
Plans include:
-
Annual synchronized population monitoring
-
Habitat restoration and invasive species control
-
Research on genetics and migration corridors
-
Community-based conservation and nature education
A Symbol of the Western Ghats’ Resilience
The 2025 census findings represent hope — proof that long-term conservation works when science and collaboration meet commitment. With improved monitoring, community participation, and habitat management, the Nilgiri Tahr can continue to thrive on the misty slopes of the Western Ghats.
FAQ: Nilgiri Tahr Census 2025
Q1: What is the total Nilgiri Tahr population in 2025?
The joint Kerala-Tamil Nadu census counted 2,668 individuals — 1,997 in Tamil Nadu and 671 in Kerala.
Q2: Where is the Nilgiri Tahr found?
Exclusively in the Western Ghats, mainly in Eravikulam, Mukurthi, Silent Valley, and adjoining hill ranges.
Q3: Why is it important?
As the state animal of Tamil Nadu, the Nilgiri Tahr is a key indicator of montane grassland health and biodiversity in the Western Ghats.
Q4: What are the major threats?
Habitat fragmentation, invasive plants, and climate change continue to challenge long-term survival.
Q5: What is being done to protect them?
Under the Nilgiri Tahr Conservation Project, both states are restoring grasslands, expanding monitoring, and engaging local communities.
Conclusion
The latest Nilgiri Tahr census marks a turning point for one of India’s most iconic mountain species. While challenges persist, the coordinated efforts by Kerala and Tamil Nadu demonstrate how collaborative conservation can secure the future of an animal that defines the spirit of the Western Ghats.
0 comments:
Post a Comment