Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary Andhra Pradesh | Spot-Billed Pelicans, Best Time to Visit & Nearby Attractions

Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary – Andhra Pradesh’s Pelican Paradise

Located near Nellore district in Andhra Pradesh, Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary is one of South India’s most important wetland bird sanctuaries. Spread over 458 hectares, it is best known as the largest nesting site of the Spot-billed Pelican in Southeast Asia. The sanctuary’s freshwater and brackish lagoons make it a thriving habitat for migratory and resident birds, attracting thousands of nature lovers, birders, and researchers every winter.

 

Established in 1976, Nelapattu is a living example of wetland conservation and community-led eco-awareness.

Highlights

•  Spot-billed Pelican nesting colony – the sanctuary’s main attraction

•  Over 180 bird species, including openbills, ibises, egrets, and flamingos

• Freshwater tanks and barringtonia swamp forests sustain rich biodiversity

•  Seasonal wetlands provide ideal breeding and feeding grounds for waders

•  Close proximity to Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary for combined exploration

Flora & Fauna

Flora

Nelapattu’s unique ecosystem features a combination of barringtonia-dominated swamp forests, Acacia groves, and scrub jungles. The main plant species include:

• Barringtonia acutangula (found in the central tank area)

• Acacia nilotica, Prosopis juliflora, and Eucalyptus along the fringes

Fauna

The sanctuary is a refuge for diverse avian life and small mammals:

• Birds: Spot-billed pelican, painted stork, little cormorant, grey heron, black-crowned night heron, spoonbill, flamingo, openbill stork, and darter

• Mammals: Jackal, mongoose, black-naped hare

• Reptiles: Cobra, krait, monitor lizard, and various water snakes

🪶 The pelican breeding season runs from October to March, when the sanctuary transforms into a bustling avian colony

Best Time to Visit

Season	Months	Experience
Winter	October – March	Peak birdwatching and breeding season
Monsoon	June – September	Lush greenery and scenic landscapes
Summer	April – June	Dry season; limited bird activity

How to Reach

• By Air: Nearest airport – Tirupati Airport (75 km)

• By Rail: Nellore Railway Station (50 km)

• By Road: Well-connected by road from Nellore (50 km) and Tirupati (75 km) via NH16

🚘 Buses and taxis are available from both cities to Nelapattu village

Accommodation & Facilities

• Forest Rest House, Nelapattu: Managed by the Andhra Pradesh Forest Department

• Hotels: Available at Nellore and Sullurpet, offering comfortable stays

• Bird Interpretation Centre: Provides insight into the sanctuary’s ecosystem and species

🌿 During the Annual Flamingo Festival, the sanctuary conducts guided birdwatching, photography workshops, and eco-awareness events. 

Nearby Attractions

• Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary (20 km): India’s second-largest brackish water lagoon and a paradise for flamingos and waders

• Venadu Reserve Forest: Known for lush vegetation and deer sightings

• Sriharikota (30 km): Home to India’s space launch center – Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SHAR)

• Nellapattu Village: Traditional settlement known for local crafts and mangrove restoration efforts

• Nellore Beach: A peaceful coastal escape just 50 km away

Conservation Significance

Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary plays a crucial role in the conservation of pelicans and wetland-dependent species. The sanctuary’s management focuses on:

• Habitat restoration through water management and native vegetation

• Community participation in bird protection and anti-poaching efforts

• Environmental education programs for local schools and visitors

🕊️ Every winter, thousands of pelicans migrate from Cambodia and Sri Lanka to nest here, highlighting its global ecological importance. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What is Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary famous for?
It is famous for being one of the largest nesting grounds of the Spot-billed Pelican in South India.

2. When is the best time to visit?
Between October and March, when pelicans and migratory birds are most active.

3. Where is the sanctuary located?
It is located near Sullurpet in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh.

4. Are there any nearby attractions?
Yes, Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary and Sriharikota Space Centre are close by.

5. Can visitors stay overnight near the sanctuary?
Yes, accommodations are available at Forest Rest Houses and hotels in Nellore and Sullurpet. 

People Also Ask (PAA)

Q: Which bird is the main attraction of Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary?
A: The Spot-billed Pelican is the main attraction of the sanctuary.

Q: What is the total area of Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary?
A: The sanctuary covers an area of approximately 458 hectares.

Q: Does Nelapattu host migratory birds?
A: Yes, thousands of migratory birds from Central and South Asia visit every winter.

Q: Is there an entry fee for Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary?
A: A small entry and parking fee is collected by the Forest Department.

Conclusion

Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary is a serene retreat for bird lovers and photographers — a place where you can witness the mesmerizing dance of pelicans against tranquil waters. Beyond its ecological importance, it embodies Andhra Pradesh’s commitment to preserving its wetland heritage.