Nestled in the eastern hills of Wayanad district, Kerala, Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary (WWS) is one of the most ecologically significant protected areas in South India. As an integral part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the sanctuary forms a crucial wildlife corridor connecting Bandipur, Nagarhole, and Mudumalai Tiger Reserves.
Known for its thriving Asian elephant population, rich birdlife, and moist deciduous forests, Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary blends conservation with controlled eco-tourism.
Location & Geography
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State: Kerala
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District: Wayanad
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Area: ~344 sq km
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Part of: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
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Altitude: 700–2,100 meters
The sanctuary lies along the Western Ghats, characterized by rolling hills, forested valleys, seasonal streams, and grassland patches.
Forest Types & Vegetation
Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary supports diverse forest ecosystems:
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Moist deciduous forests
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Dry deciduous forests
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Semi-evergreen forests
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Bamboo thickets and riparian vegetation
These forests provide critical fodder and shelter for large herbivores.
Wildlife of Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary
Mammals
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Asian elephant (keystone species)
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Tiger
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Leopard
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Gaur (Indian bison)
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Sambar and spotted deer
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Sloth bear
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Wild dog (dhole)
Birdlife
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Malabar trogon
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Crested serpent eagle
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Peafowl
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Woodpeckers, hornbills, and owls
Reptiles
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King cobra
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Indian python
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Monitor lizard
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Vipers and other forest snakes
Safari Zones & Tourism
Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary is divided into two major ranges open to visitors:
Muthanga Range
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Popular for jeep safaris
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High chances of elephant sightings
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Located near Karnataka border
Tholpetty Range
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Dense forests and quieter safaris
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Rich birdlife and grazing animals
Jeep safaris are conducted by the Kerala Forest Department under strict regulations.
Best Time to Visit
| Season | Months | Experience |
|---|---|---|
| Winter | Oct – Feb | Best wildlife sightings |
| Summer | Mar – May | Animals near water sources |
| Monsoon | Jun – Sep | Sanctuary largely closed |
How to Reach
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By Road:
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Well connected from Mysuru, Kozhikode, and Bengaluru
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By Rail:
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Kozhikode Railway Station (~110 km)
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By Air:
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Kannur International Airport (~90 km)
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Calicut International Airport (~120 km)
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Entry Fees & Permissions
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Entry through forest check posts
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Separate fees for:
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Sanctuary entry
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Jeep safari
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Camera usage
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Advance booking recommended during peak season
Nearby Attractions
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Edakkal Caves – prehistoric rock engravings
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Banasura Sagar Dam – largest earthen dam in India
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Chembra Peak – trekking and heart-shaped lake
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Pookode Lake
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Thirunelli Temple
Conservation Importance
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Part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
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Major elephant corridor in South India
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Maintains genetic flow between tiger reserves
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Protects Western Ghats biodiversity
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Supports climate regulation and watershed protection
Wayanad plays a vital role in reducing human-wildlife conflict through habitat connectivity.
FAQ – Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary
Where is Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary located?
It is located in Wayanad district of Kerala, along the Karnataka border.
Is safari available in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary?
Yes, jeep safaris are available in Muthanga and Tholpetty ranges.
What animals can be seen here?
Elephants, deer, gaur, tiger, leopard, and diverse bird species.
What is the best time to visit?
October to May is the best period for wildlife sightings.
People Also Ask (PAA)
Is Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary part of Bandipur Tiger Reserve?
No, but it is ecologically connected and acts as a wildlife corridor.
Are elephants commonly seen in Wayanad?
Yes, Wayanad has one of the largest elephant populations in Kerala.
Is Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary suitable for birdwatching?
Yes, especially during winter and early mornings.
Is the sanctuary open during monsoon?
Mostly closed due to heavy rainfall and safety concerns.
Conclusion
Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary stands as a vital green bridge in the Western Ghats, ensuring the survival of elephants, big cats, and countless forest species. With its controlled safaris, rich biodiversity, and strong conservation value, it represents the perfect balance between wildlife protection and responsible eco-tourism.
For nature lovers, conservationists, and mindful travelers, Wayanad is not just a destination—it is a living ecosystem worth protecting.
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